Nathaniel Robinson began studying the violin at the age of five and made his debut at ten years old performing the Paganini Violin Concerto #1 with the Taipei Symphony Orchestra. He has since appeared internationally as a guest soloist, recitalist, and chamber musician at venues such as Carnegie Hall, Alice Tully Hall, the Tanglewood Music Center, and as a two-time Young Artist Fellow at the Kent/Blossom Music Festival. He has also performed at the Norfolk Chamber Music Festival/Yale Summer School of Music and at the Musikalischer Sommer in Ostfriesland (Germany).

As an orchestral violinist, in 2023 and 2024, he performed with The Cleveland Orchestra at the Blossom Music Center conducted by David Robertson and Hannu Lintu. He has recorded on over a dozen soundtracks for Paramount Pictures and Walt Disney Pictures. On-screen movie and television performances include appearances in the movies Sex and the City 2, Step Up 3-D, on the Fox News Channel, and CBC (Canadian Broadcast Corporation).

His honors and awards include winning the Gold Prize at Season 4 of the Universal Stars Music Competition (2022), the Jascha Heifetz Society-Steinway & Sons Award (2013), first prizes at the Friends of Stamford Symphony Competition, and Manhattan School of Music Concerto Competition, in addition to being a recipient of the Connecticut Alliance for Music Young Artist Award, the Carl Owen, Elaine Bart, & Eugene B. Kahn Awards at the Manhattan School of Music, and the Stephen Adams Award at Yale University.

A graduate of the Manhattan School of Music, he has pursued further studies at Columbia University (B.A. in History) and Yale University (Certificate in Performance).
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During his formative years, he studied with the late renowned American violinist Erick Friedman, a protégé of legendary violinist Jascha Heifetz. He later continued his studies with Sidney Harth, the noted violinist and former Concertmaster of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

Nathaniel Robinson owns and performs on a violin by Francesco Guadagnini, from Turin, Italy, dated 1921. Additionally, he plays an instrument by Phillip Injeian of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from 2003.​